Male
condoms, commonly called rubbers, provide a non permanent method of
contraception for men. The condom is a thin covering made of latex, plastic
(polyurethane) or animal membrane that is unrolled over an erect penis before
sex. The covering prevents semen from entering a woman's vagina.
Effectiveness rate: The typical effectiveness rate of the male
condom by itself is 85 percent. This means if 100 couples use male condoms for
one year, 15 will get pregnant. The effectiveness of male condoms increases when
used with vaginal spermicide; using both together is the most effective barrier
method available. However, male condoms can fail due to improper use, nonuse,
breakage or slippage.
effects and health risks: Some people are allergic
to latex condoms. But condoms made of polyurethane (plastic) or animal skin
also is available. Male condoms may decrease sensation during sex for both men
and women.
The male condom is the most effective contraceptive method
available for avoiding sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) and reducing the
risk of HIV infection. Condoms made from animal skin do not offer as much
protection from STDs, however, because they have tiny pores that may allow
viruses such as HIV, hepatitis B and herpes to pass through them. Condoms containing
the spermicide nonoxynol-9 sometimes irritate the skin. If this happens, the
risk of HIV infection could go up. Skin irritation leading to increased HIV
risk can also happen when condoms are used in combination with vaginal
spermicide.
How to use the male condom: If you decide to use a
male condom, put it on before the penis comes in contact with the vagina. It is
important to use condoms carefully, correctly and consistently. Here are some
additional tips for purchasing, storing and using condoms:
- Check the expiration date. Do not
use the condom if the expiration date has passed.
- Open the package carefully. Do not
use your teeth or fingernails.
- If the condom does not have a
built-in nipple, leave a quarter inch of space at the tip to hold the semen.
- If necessary, use a water-based
lubricant (K-Y, Astroglide, others). Oil-based lubricants may cause the
condom to leak or break.
- Place the tip of the rolled-up
condom over the erect penis. The rolled rim should be on the outside.
- Hold the tip of the condom while
unrolling the condom down to the base of the penis.
- Smooth out any air bubbles to make
sure the condom fits correctly. An air bubble could cause the condom to
tear or come off.
- If the man is uncircumcised, make
sure the foreskin is pulled back before putting on the condom.
- Store condoms in a cool, dry place
because condoms exposed to air, heat and light are more likely to break.
Do not keep condoms in a billfold, back pocket or glove compartment for an
extended period of time.
- Remove the condom immediately
after sex. You must use a new condom each time you have intercourse.
Cost and availability: Condoms are widely
available and relatively inexpensive. They come in a range of sizes and styles
and are available without a doctor's prescription. They're sold in pharmacies,
drugstores.
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